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During the 1980s and 1990s, advances in chaos and complexity theory began to demonstrate a fact understood more than a century and a half earlier by the founders of scientific socialism, Marx and Engels, that systems which show an apparently high degree of complexity or “design” do not require the hand of a creator but emerge naturally from the apparently mundane interacting and contradictory forces at play inside the system. It may come as a surprise to many then to find that in the field of cosmology there are respected scientists groping towards the revival of the mystical idea of intelligent design.